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Wed, 30 Nov 2005

Building a virtual laptop with SUSE

Anthony Coates details his trials building a virtual setup on his laptop while upgrading to SuSE 10.. He goes over his partitioning decisions, and as you often see for , the tricky parts for the virtual machine creation are setting up a decent resolution and circumventing the graphical installer.

Why do something like this? Well, eventual convenience. If I need to run my laptop's Windows XP installation on my deskside PC (e.g. if there is a problem with my laptop), I can copy it over in about 10 minutes, and it just runs. Using the SUSE backup/restore, it recently took me 10 hours to do a restore, and that was excluding my /home partition, which is bigger than the other partitions combined. Being able to migrate my work quickly and seamlessly from one machine to another is something I've always wanted to do, but was never able to achieve. Software to help you migrate is getting better (the Windows XP migration tool is not bad, and Tim Bray reported similar results for Macs). However, it's still a bit of a chore. Moving virtual sessions is easy - once you get them set up.

Herein lies a long story, and why I haven't posted much in the last week or two. To build my virtual laptop, I had to migrate my SUSE 9.3 laptop installation into a virtual session running SUSE 10. Along the way, I learned a lot, because I did just about every possible wrong thing. I won't try to list them all, but I will try and tell you what works.

The 32-bit and 64-bit versions of SUSE Linux 10 are supported guest OSes in Workstation 5.5. See the guest OS installation notes for SUSE Linux 10 for more information.

Note that a prebuilt virtual machine for Novell's SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 is available from the VMTN Virtual Machine Center.

posted by jtroyer at: 13:38 | | | permanent link

Solaris 10 as a guest OS in Workstation

Alessandro Perilli has released nice step-by-step instructions on installing Solaris 10 as a guest operating system inside VMware Workstation. Current builds of Solaris 10 and Workstation 5.5 have removed some of the previous configuration hoops you had to jump through. Pay attention to the kdmconfig step to run at better than 640x480x256 display resolution.

VMware's Andy Tucker has more notes on VMware and Solaris, including workarounds for some incompatible kernel patches and Solaris Express's graphical installer.

The 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Solaris 10 are supported guest operating systems. See the Solaris 10 guest OS installation notes for more information. VMware Tools for Solaris are unfortunately not available at this time.

posted by jtroyer at: 13:14 | | | permanent link

Tue, 29 Nov 2005

Workstation 5.5 Released

As many of you had noticed, Workstation 5.5 is available for download and is now officially released. It is a free upgrade for Workstation 5.0 users.

Some nice quotes from OSNews.com on the release.

Jim at the new "vmwarez blog" has a few screenshots of the included utilities, such as VMware Player, VMware DiskMount Utility, and Process Check Utility for 64-Bit Compatibility. Alessandro details the others in his post from last week. More information on the utilities is available from the Documentation Overview.

Update: More features of interest to Linux users from Christian Hammond.

posted by jtroyer at: 17:29 | | | permanent link

RTFM Education: Beyond the Manuals

Mike Laverick is a trainer who has a great site called RTFM Education.

As you may know RTFM stands for "Read The Flippin' Manual" - a frequent cry when we discover that problems documented, and solutions are well known - and IF we had only read the instructions first... However, sometimes the manual isn't enough - that's where I come in.

His "Beyond the Manuals" and "How To" white papers are quite detailed and frequently updated. He also has a useful weekly mailing list that covers new KB articles and the like. I'm hoping he'll start a blog to make it easier to link to him.

Recent white papers from Mike:

posted by jtroyer at: 15:55 | | | permanent link

Improving disk performance with Workstation

Alessandro Perilli writes on improving disk performance with Workstation:

Even on a 2 GB RAM workstation (as mine) VMware virtual machines can run slowly. Too slowly sometimes. This can depend on a large amount of factors but we can reduce the number to 4 critical issues:

  • Antivirus real-time protection
  • HostOS disk fragmentation
  • Memory trimming
  • Page sharing

The Workstation 5.5 performance guide is another useful read.

posted by jtroyer at: 14:48 | | | permanent link

Tue, 22 Nov 2005

Two podcasts on virtualization

Two recent podcasts focused on virtualization. Elemental Gear is a general IT-oriented podcast with a good introduction and overview of virtualization, the VMware and Microsoft product lines, and why you'd want to use them. I'll give Jim from Elemental Gear some slack, since he's more familiar with Microsoft's solution than VMware's, and since Workstation 5.5 is still in beta, but Workstation now has support for both 64-bit operating systems and virtual SMP. Tech Rag Tear Out is a sampling of articles that Jim has ripped out of the tech trade rags this week.

Elemental-Gear Episode 5 from Jim Graczyk and Serhan Saral. (50MB; 62min)

  • (12:52-61:37) gives an introduction to virtualization, covers virtualization software from VMware and Microsoft, talks about the benefits of using virtual machines, describes setting up a basic virtual machine, etc...
    • What is Virtualization?
    • Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 R2
    • Virtual Server 2005 Frequently Asked Questions
    • VMWare Workstation Specs.
    • VMWare GSX Server Specs.
    • VMWare ESX Server Specs.
    • VMware Player Beta
    • XenSource

Tech Rag Tear Outs (TRTO) Podcast #038 from Steve Holden. (14MB; 31min)

  • (08:31-25:52) Part 2 - Virtual Machines; Sources: The following includes content summarized from: eWeek, Network World, Information Week, Network Computing, and Computer Reseller News
    • Why Care
    • Types of VM Technologies
    • Example Solutions
    • Potential Problem Areas
    • Summary / Recommendations

posted by jtroyer at: 18:34 | | | permanent link

Fri, 18 Nov 2005

Building an Oracle cluster on Windows 2003

Tarry Singh has published part 3 of his series on DBAsupport.com, "RACing ahead with Oracle on VMware." The title is fairly self-explanatory: Installing Oracle 10g Release 2 Clusterware on a 2-node Windows 2003 Enterprise Edition Server. He'll be covering installation on Red Hat in a later article.

You hear all kinds of claims and see written material that says a lot but actually proves or demonstrates very little. The purpose of showing errors is to show that not everything works like a charm. My purpose in writing this article is to show you every detailed version of the scenario that you will be trying out with the necessary tools in hand.

Prerequisites:

  • VMware software: A VMware workstation or an Evaluation version of a GSX Server.
  • A Server (if you're lucky) or just a plain PC/Desktop with 2G memory. (Remember we will do a real 2-node scenario here so give those machines at least 800 Mb each).
  • Lots of patience (This is sage advice for us all). You will mess things up now and then, so have patience.
  • If you can set up a simple machine [well you guessed it right, another VM with a simple LDAP(ADS)/DNS] server then it's good BUT if you do have an active/working LDAP/DNS server the better. I will not go into detail on creating an ADS /DNS server; it is simple. Do a search on Google and you will find tons of information on that.
  • BACKUP!!! The great thing about VMware is that you can do a progressive backup, meaning you can go on with creating Virtual Machines > Successful? > Back up > Install OS's successful? > Overwrite the Backup > and so on. This way you will save a lot of time and frustration.
  • Oracle software: Go to Oracle's site and download the necessary software (that would be Database and Clusterware). If you do not have an account at OTN, get it. It's FREE!

Also check out Part 1: Setting up VMware for Oracle/Intro to Virtualization/Server and Part II: Oracle RAC and RAW disk setup on Windows 2003 Enterprise Server.

Previously on VMTN Blog: Building a database cluster on your laptop.

posted by jtroyer at: 15:28 | | | permanent link

The price of power in the data center, part 4

Part 4 of this series on the price of power in the data center is up at TechTarget, entitled Power-saving technologies in the data center.

At his data center, Roberts said he has a mixture of 750 Intel servers, mostly from Hewlett-Packard Co. His department conducted a study that said 80% of those servers were running at 5% to 15% utilization. But with VMware, now Roberts is collapsing 10-18 applications onto a single server and clustering them for failover protection, and using fewer servers.

But Roberts knows virtualization isn't a cure-all and he's looking at other technologies as well to shave some kilowatts.

Previously on VMTN Blog: we covered the first three parts in Rising Power Costs and You.

posted by jtroyer at: 15:22 | | | permanent link

Wed, 16 Nov 2005

Setting up a test environment for videoconferencing with VMware

Justin Fielding needed to set up an environment to test some problems he was having with videoconferencing over his VPN. He is still having trouble with his NetMeeting proxy, but in his TechRepublic blog he generously provides us with a detailed, 4-part tutorial in setting up a virtual test VPN with two Windows XP virtual machines talking through two OpenBSD firewall virtual machines, all on the same physical machine. To do this, he uses the cloning and team features of Workstation.

The Plan:

Set up a test environment to emulate a Video Conference call between two firewalled networks.

  • Build two firewalls (OpenBSD)
  • Compile and configure nmproxy
  • Build two internal clients (Windows XP)
  • Netmeeting + Webcams (one on each client) can be used for testing the H.323 proxy

Thanks to the 'clone' feature on VMware, I don't actually need to build 4 separate machines from scratch. I'll install OpenBSD (to show people how simple this OS is to install and configure), compile nmproxy, then clone it to create a replica and simply edit the machine configuration (IP details, hostname etc). As I use VMware frequently for testing, I already have a 'virgin' Windows XP image ready to use/clone; I assume everyone reading knows how to install Windows.

posted by jtroyer at: 11:32 | | | permanent link

Tue, 15 Nov 2005

Godel and virtualization

The Paradox of Host-Based Security Measures from nCircle's VERT Daily Post.

A PROBLEM CANNOT BE PROPERLY RESOLVED AT THE SAME LOGICAL LEVEL IT WAS CREATED.

Kurt Godel, Albert Einstein, John Boyd, Gregory Bateson, and many other great thinkers have said in one way or another that certain problems cannot be resolved at the same level they originate. If you apply this to our client-side problem, you will also see that there is a similar paradox. Once the client has been compromised and the adversary now has complete control over that computing base, ALL security related detection, auditing, and any type of safeguard must be also not trusted since the underlaying computing base is not to be trusted. I call it the Paradox Host-Based Security Measures: How can the computer detect it has been compromised when as soon as it has been compromised the ability to detect it has been compromised can no longer be trusted?

I can't leave you without an answer. Although a brief one, the answer is vitualization. The security controls for the OS must live at a higher logical level. Security measures must exist outside of the world in which it is providing services. We have to return to the roots of "The Theory of Logical Types" which says that no class can be a member of itself; that a class of classes cannot be one of the classes which are its members. I can go on and on about this but you get the idea.

via Gunnar Peterson's 1 Raindrop

posted by jtroyer at: 17:07 | | | permanent link

Mon, 14 Nov 2005

VMware's no singing dog

Keith Adams gives his perspective on the newly-launched Intel VT chips:

What does this all mean for VMware? Opinions vary, of course. When VT and Pacifica were first announced, there was a lot of knee-jerk slashdot triumphalism of the form, "Ha! We don't need VMware anymore because it will all be in hardware!!!" Of course, there's a lot more to VMware's software than just multiplexing CPUs. There's memory, a chipset, peripherals, undoable disks, virtual networks hooked up in complicated topologies with configurable bitrates and lossiness, and all sorts of other stuff that's hard to imagine doing in hardware.

Read the whole thing, as they say. He takes the singing dog thing way past its breaking point. Enjoy.

posted by jtroyer at: 18:50 | | | permanent link

Boot ESX Server from SAN?

Definitely take a look at Virtual Strategy Magazine if you haven't already. They check in with a number of different people in the virtualization industry, and they often go beyond the press release talking points of the day to talk about actual technical issues.

This month, they have a conversation with the Expert Server Group focused on a single issue, A VMware ESX question: Boot from SAN?

Boot from SAN is a viable option, because it helps remove you even further from being dependent on any piece of hardware. You could have additional hardware sitting around, and if you lost a server, you could recover very quickly. In a disaster-recovery situation, you could recover rapidly if everything was SAN-enabled and SAN-managed.

The downside is the costs that are usually associated with additional traffic and additional boot from SAN. It.s about weighing out the costs vs. the benefits that you get.

posted by jtroyer at: 12:54 | | | permanent link

Intel Virtualization Technology ships

From today's press release:

Desktop PCs based on the Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 processor 672 and 662 processors with Intel Virtualization Technology are available today on systems being offered by Acer, Founder, Lenovo and TongFang. The Intel Pentium 4 processor 672 and 662 are priced at $605 and $401 respectively, in 1,000-unit quantities.

From CRN lays out the details:

In the United States, Lenovo is the only top-tier vendor immediately supporting the new chips in desktop systems. Taggard said many other PC makers are waiting until Intel ships the technology in its dual-core desktop CPUs with virtualization, slated for early next year.

Although Macworld notes availability is limited for now:

Lenovo is only offering evaluation systems at this time, a company spokeswoman said. Shipments of ThinkCentre M52 desktops with the new Pentium 4 662 and 672 chips won't begin until early next year, she said.

What do you do with a virtualized system? Well, most VMware users could go on for hours, but PC World sells the IT control angle:

For example, users could access corporate applications in one operating environment, while using a different environment for personal applications. IT managers could exercise tight control over the corporate application environment and prevent viruses or malware from moving from the personal environment to the rest of the company's network.

InformationWeek gives some go-to-market context:

It is not unusual for Intel to use PC processors as a proving ground for new technology. Although most believe that the dual-core processors will find their greatest application within server environments, Intel earlier this year introduced its first dual-core processors within its Pentium family for desktop platforms.

And this is all the small rumble before the big quake next year. From eWeek, what to expect:

Thus Intel believes Presler, a forthcoming update to its dual-core Pentium D desktop processor line, will do the most to usher in Virtualization Technology on the desktop. The first Presler chips, which are all based on a new 65-nanometer manufacturing process, are due in the first quarter, Intel has said. Many expect them in January. ... Over the course of 2006, Intel's Virtualization Technology will also find its way into servers based on its Xeon and Itanium server chips, as well as its notebook platforms. Advanced Micro Devices Inc., Intel's main competitor, will also roll out chips equipped with built-in virtualization capabilities in 2006. The two company's technologies--AMD's is dubbed Pacifica--are similar, they have admitted. Pacifica equipped AMD Opteron server chips and Athlon 64 chips, which it offers for desktops and notebooks, will come out in the first half of 2006, AMD has said.

These technologies from Intel and AMD are highly anticipated. They have been extensively covered in the tech press for months, and so I wouldn't expect much analyst coverage on this announcement. If you do want to see what's being written out there, Google News is a good place to start.

posted by jtroyer at: 10:46 | | | permanent link

Issues to consider when planning virtualization

eWeek has a nice page collecting its virtualization coverage. Last week they published a short intro to virtualization covering jails/containers as well as virtual machines. It does skimp on the real benefits and why you'd want to virtualize, but it has a nice list of issues to pay attention to as you plan your infrastructure virtualization:

  • Licensing Multiple OS and application instances mean multiple licenses and license fees. Software vendors are beginning to take virtualization into account in their licensing schemes, but you'll need to ensure that you're entitled to run the number and types of instances you're deploying. Open-source software, with its permissive licensing, offers a good way to avoid licensing troubles.
  • Performance Virtualization carries with it additional performance overhead. Administrators must make sure that their virtually deployed services have enough horsepower available to take care of business.
  • Management Having fewer physical boxes to care for is a management boon, but virtualized OS and application instances require their own separate software updates.a task that grows in complexity when you're dealing with different OSes and OS versions. Make sure your system management toolbox is in order before launching into a virtualization project.
  • Compatibility Virtualization is great for running applications with conflicting library or kernel requirements side by side, but most applications aren't designed with virtualized hardware in mind. Conduct testing to make sure that your software behaves as expected when it's deployed in a virtual environment. [This is not a problem for the vast majority of apps. -jt]
  • Implementation There seem to be more virtualization options now than ever, but some of the options, particularly the open-source ones, require significant tweaking to get up and running properly. Evaluate the quality of the documentation and support resources.whether they're commercial or community-provided.before deploying any systems to production, but keep your eyes open for new developments.

posted by jtroyer at: 08:02 | | | permanent link

Sun, 13 Nov 2005

Cannavino on safety through encapsulation

From PC Magazine's "20 Years of Windows" retrospective, Jim Cannavino, who was drove IBM's PC business, had this to say about encapsulation as a fix for Windows architecture:

Q: What's your opinion of the current Windows platform?

A: It's a very successful piece of software, a very successful venture. But a mainframe boots up faster than a laptop, and that's kind of silly. Plus, the architecture really doesn't lend itself to high-level security. Basically, you've got smart guys plugging holes. Though they do a really good job of it, they can never tell when they're finished. If you restructured the architecture of the system and really put some boundaries up that were hard to get by, then there's no reason that your e-mail system should be able to corrupt your file system. [emphasis added]

Sounds to me like a job for a virtual machine!

posted by jtroyer at: 18:22 | | | permanent link

One OS for each application?

Thie Advogato article assumes way too much about Apple OS X on Intel x86 chips and your ability to run Windows at the same time. However, one of the commenters had a vision of an interesting future where each application comes packaged with its own Virtual Machine. This is just on the edgs of practicality today, and it would create its own set of problems, but the advantages make it an intriguing future indeed. Check out VMware's Virtual Machine Center if you haven't already.

It's nice that starting next year, regardless of what (modern) chip people buy, they will be able to run other OSes at the same time without messing up what they have. (I don't doubt Apple and MS will both come up with ways to sabotage other OSes and make it look like the other OS's fault, so it will take a while to work around them.) Probably the best-case scenario is that all the proprietary vendors -- the Adobes, the Autocads, the Electronic Artses -- will each ship with their own virtualized kernel, and bypass both MS and Apple's kernels; and people will get used to running the vendors' OS choices, even where it's Plan 9. Then, each of us will be able to package each program we deliver with an OS distro and kernel tuned just for it, too. Will that be good? (For RAM and disk vendors, sure.)

via virtualization.info

posted by jtroyer at: 13:34 | | | permanent link

Tue, 08 Nov 2005

v12n == virtualization

The computer industry has been using i18n as a shorthand for "internationalization" for years (evidently going back to 1985 at DEC). Over at the Mainframe blog, sirsanta now has raised the flag for v12n == virtualization.

I'm all for it. Not only do I have to (mis)type "virutalizaiton" 100 times a day, but based on my internet searches and watchlists, use of this "numeronym" would save billions of innocent electrons from being used in press releases going over the newswire. v12n is the new black of enterprise computing.

posted by jtroyer at: 17:12 | | | permanent link

Analysts: Virtualization is growing, sky is blue

Analyst firm IDC predicts the virtualization market will reach $15 billion by 2009. From the InfoWorld article:

  • IDC estimates that more than three-quarters of all companies with more than 500 employees are deploying virtual servers.
  • Customer satisfaction is high. Survey respondents currently using server virtualization technologies says they expect 45 percent of new servers purchased next year will be virtualized.
  • More than 50 percent of all virtual servers are running production-level applications, including the most business critical workloads.
  • Unix, S390, and OS400 systems account for the bulk of customer spending on virtualized servers today. However, rapid growth is occurring on Windows and Linux servers.

Virtualization is also #1 in Gartner's Ten Technologies to Watch in 2006, along with grid computing and service oriented applications.

posted by jtroyer at: 09:45 | | | permanent link

Mon, 07 Nov 2005

Rising Power Costs and You

TechTarget has three parts of a four-part series up:

  1. IT energy crisis reaching critical mass
  2. Cooling quick fixes drain data centers
  3. Raised floors and efficiency: Controlling cooling matters
  4. Power-saving technologies in the data center

via Bryan at adminfoo.net who gives his takeaway:

  • The price of power is going up dramatically (thanks to Katrina and some other factors).
  • This is gonna hit IT/tech departments hard, because they are major power consumers.
  • IT has traditionally kind of ignored its power issues (laying them off on Facilities groups) and that could hurt us in the coming year. (With the bill coming due, could it affect your salary?)
  • Getting ahead of this (present a power plan to the boss, find ways to save) could be good for your career.

Update: VMTN Blog entry on Part 4.

posted by jtroyer at: 17:30 | | | permanent link

Virtualization: a fairy tale

While I'm not sure if it adds much insight, you've got to admit that this virtualization fairy tale from BEA's Guy Churchward is not nearly as boring as the 100 other articles explaining virtualization to your CIO:

The king once again returned to the wizard and asked for his wisdom, the wizard thought and pondered, pondered and thought and in a puff of smoke, came up with an idea to centralize the abacuses in a specially designed abacus building to "pool resources". and create the ability to further partition each abacus, so instead of using three rows of beads you can actually allow three people to work on one row each at the same time as many of the abacus workers traditionally used only one row. The partitioning was called isolation and the special stool to accommodate three different people at the same time was called a hyper-visitor which was latterly shortened to hypervisor.

posted by jtroyer at: 14:56 | | | permanent link

Fri, 04 Nov 2005

Build a database cluster on your laptop

Howard Rogers tells you how and why you'd want to build an Oracle Real Application Cluster on your laptop using VMware:
So, fair enough: RACing on a single PC is silly, and no-one in their right minds would ever do it in a production environment. But the fact that you can technically do precisely that is good news for people such as yourself you are looking to create a realistic facsimile of a RAC environment without parting with the bazillion dollars in hardware expenditure it would normally take to do so. And to that extent, a RAC running (slowly!) on a single PC is an entirely valid and totally realistic exercise.

And Michael K Campbell is clear why he's building clustered SQL Servers using VMware: because it's fun.

Clustering is just plain fun. Being able walk around with a clustered system on my laptop (and trusty, portable, external USB HD sidekick) is a total hoot.

To get an entire cluster working on VMWare 5.0 can be a bit of a bear though, because there's really a paucity of documentation out there that explains how to do it. The biggest challenge, of course, being how to simulate shared drive resources usable by the cluster (i.e. how do you simulate something like fiber attached to HBAs, or a SAN, etc?).

More instructions on Building an Oracle 10g two-node cluster using VMware from Gavi Narra

And when you research something like this, never forget to search the VMTN forums, because you'll come up all sorts of good stuff like this:

Update: Oracle RAC on Windows 2003 Server

Part two of a series from Tarry Singh at Database Journal, RACing ahead with Oracle on VMware Series, covering Oracle RAC and RAW disk setup on Windows 2003 Enterprise Server. ( Part one: Setting up VMWare) There are lots of resources for Oracle on Linux, but Tarry has produced very nice step-by-step screenshots setting up a cluster for Windows 2003 Enterprise Server. Part three expected in a week or two.

The RAC architecture has changed a lot since its inception so we will quickly check all the features from 9i up. In addition, as we go ahead with our series we will try to dissect the RAC understanding and move further into Administration, troubleshooting, management, performance, migration of single instance to Oracle RAC. I want to make sure that you really get on to playing on RAC.

posted by jtroyer at: 14:23 | | | permanent link

Use Player to protect against sneaky software installs

VMware Player is a great way to protect against record companies using music CDs to secretly install hidden, dangerous software on your PC. Not only is Autorun off by default in a virtual machine, if your machine is compromised, you can simply start over with a clean version. You can also use another operating system inside your virtual machine, such as Linux, to avoid Windows-based malware.

Some background:

This week, it was discovered that some Sony music CDs are silently installing a rootkit on your PC as they attempt to prevent you from ripping the CD. Rootkits are tools often used to hide viruses and other malware on a PC, are very hard to remove, and are a security risk.

Here is Mark Russinovich's original detailed technical explanation and a good overview story from News.com

Ed Felten lays out the security risks of hidden rootkits, even if Sony's software isn't doing any explicit harm right now:

Once the driver is installed, there's no security mechanism in place to ensure that only the XCP2 software can use it. That means any application can make itself virtually invisible to standard Windows administration tools just by renaming its files so that they begin with the string .$sys$.. In some circumstances, real malicious software could leverage this functionality to conceal its own existence.

posted by jtroyer at: 12:10 | | | permanent link

Thu, 03 Nov 2005

And it works, of course

... and it works, of course. But will it also run my 64-bit VM inside a 32-bit host? Point, click, launch. Believe it or not, it is working!

posted by jtroyer at: 17:48 | | | permanent link

Tue, 01 Nov 2005

VMware Blogger Roundup

If you haven't been checking out the VMware bloggers over on the right column of this page, you're missing out. Some highlights:

posted by jtroyer at: 17:42 | | | permanent link

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Disclaimer

The postings on this site are the individual poster's and do not represent VMware.s positions, strategies or opinions.